Learn how to identify a brown recluse spider and what to do if it bites you.
Two types of house spiders inhabit Mexico that pose a significant threat to human health: the genera Latrodectus and Loxosceles. The former is commonly known as the black widow, while the latter is known as the brown recluse spider. Both have several species distributed throughout the country.
Although its size may seem harmless, the brown recluse spider possesses venom with a highly toxic potential. This arachnid's bite can not only cause serious injuries but, in some cases, can be fatal. Therefore, it is essential to be able to correctly identify it and know what to do if you come into contact with it.
The UNAM Biology Institute notes that "remains of brown recluse spiders are recorded in every state of Mexico." Mexico is home to a great diversity of these arachnids. with at least 40 documented species These specimens can be found both in their natural environment and inside homes.
Characteristics of the brown recluse spiderTo distinguish a brown recluse spider from other, harmless spiders, it's important to observe certain specific physical characteristics. If you spot a spider in your home and are unsure of its species, pay attention to the following:
- Its size ranges between 1 and 5 centimeters.
- It has thin, elongated legs, the length of which can vary depending on the species.
- At the top of the thorax (cephalothorax) there is a figure resembling a violin.
- It has six eyes, arranged in three pairs.
- Its color ranges from reddish brown to light or dark brown, depending on the environment where it lives.
This type of spider is present throughout the year, although its reproductive activity increases with high temperatures. Therefore, the months of May, June, and July are considered its most active season.
If you suspect you've been bitten by a brown recluse spider, the main recommendation is to act quickly. If possible, try to carefully capture the specimen, as this can facilitate its identification and help doctors determine the most appropriate treatment, including the specific antidote.
Afterward, wash the affected area with soap and water. It's vital to go to a nearby hospital or health center immediately . The wound should not be sucked or home remedies such as ice, alcohol, ointments or compresses should be applied, as these could make the situation worse. In addition, staying calm is essential to prevent the poison from spreading more quickly through the body.
Symptoms can include severe pain, swelling, fever, vomiting, stomach upset, and, in some cases, tissue damage near the bite (necrosis). If medical attention is not received promptly, the consequences can be serious and even fatal.
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