UC wants to increase energy efficiency in homes through materials that function as thermal batteries
The Faculty of Science and Technology of the University of Coimbra (FCTUC) is coordinating the international project “Optimizing Energy Efficiency with PCM Integration in Portuguese Residences (3D-EE-Struct)”, which aims to increase the energy efficiency of Portuguese homes through the integration of Phase Change Materials (PCMs) in construction elements such as walls, ceilings and floors.
According to Ajitanshu Vedrtnam, a researcher at the Association for the Development of Industrial Aerodynamics (ADAI) at FCTUC, these materials act as "thermal batteries," naturally regulating indoor temperatures by storing heat during the day and releasing it when needed, reducing the reliance on active heating and cooling systems. "3D-EE Struct focuses specifically on lightweight building structures adapted to the Portuguese climate and aims to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions in homes, develop practical and validated strategies for integrating PCMs in new construction and renovations, and optimize PCM location and type through advanced computational modeling and laboratory testing," explains the expert.
Furthermore, the experts aim to provide innovative and applicable solutions that improve indoor thermal comfort while significantly reducing energy bills. "We hope to achieve energy savings of up to 25% in heating/cooling needs in small homes, self-adjust indoor temperature by up to 5–8°C during summer and winter periods, and create practical and clear guidelines for architects, builders, and policymakers interested in implementing PCM-based energy solutions," reveals Nelson Soares, professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at FCTUC and researcher at ADAI.
The team also aims to validate the simulation models using a real apartment in Coimbra, provide support for affordable and climate-adapted housing solutions, reducing dependence on mechanical heating and cooling systems, and provide new scientific tools and structures that will benefit future research and commercial applications in the sustainable construction sector. This project, coordinated by the University of Coimbra and with the collaboration of experts from Portugal, the USA, Slovakia and India, was awarded a grant of approximately 173 thousand euros, within the scope of the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Postdoctoral Fellowships, awarded by the European Research Executive Agency (REA), through the Horizon Europe program.
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